Biofuels: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation and Global Warming

This timely book is a compilation of edited articles by distinguished international scientists discussing global warming, its causes as well as present and future solutions. Social and economic growth at global level is measured in terms of GDP, which requires energy inputs generally based on fossil fuel resources. These, however, are major contributors to increasing levels of CO2, causing 15 tonnes of green house gas emissions per capita. Renewable sources of energy offer an alternative to fossil fuels, and would help reduce this to the 2 tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions per capita  per annum needed to achieve sustainable growth. As such, the book discusses the next-generation of biofuels and all related aspects, based on the editors' significant investigations on biofuels over the last 30 years. It also presents the latest research findings from research work carried out by contemporary researchers. Presenting global biofuel perspectives, it examines various issues related to sustainable development of biofuels in the contexts of agriculture, forestry, industry and economic growth. It covers the 1st  to 4th generation biofuels, as well as the status of biofuel resources and their potential in carbon neutral economy. Offering a comprehensive, state-of-art overview of current and future biofuels at local and global levels, this book appeals to administrators, policy makers, universities and research institutions.

Professor Ashwani Kumar MSc (Botany) Gold Medal, Ph.D. (1971) University of Rajasthan.  Awarded of Alexander von Humboldt Fellowship Germany, Visiting Professorship JSPS Japan, U.K., INSA-DFG Germany.  Worked in areas of plant pathology,  physiology, renewable sources of energy, biofuel biotechnology, photosynthetic carbon fixation in C3 and C4 plants with support of  projects granted by UGC, USDA-ICAR, MNES,  CSIR, DST and DBT and  FACT.  Visited USA, Canada, Denmark, Italy, Netherlands, UK, Japan, France, Sweden, Spain and Portugal for research. Published around 180 papers in National and International journals. Fellow of various societies FBS, FPSI, FISMPP and FMA. Guided research to 39 students to Ph.D. Consultant of World Bank Project sanctioned to SPRI-HPPI and Biodis Spain. Published 16 books including Plant Tissue Culture-A tool in Biotechnology Basics and Application, and edited book on Fern Biotechnology both by Springer. He also has another 14 books mainly in the field of Biotechnology to his credit. He was awarded V Puri Medal 2008 for Botany and CEE award for excellence in teaching and research 2015.

Professor Shinjiro Ogita has over two decades of experience in the field of plant biotechnology. Since 1992 he started his research career as a master student at the Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Japan. In 1997, he received his Ph.D. in Agriculture (subject: sciences of resources and environment) by the United Graduate School of Agriculture, TUAT, Japan (1997). He is an expert in the field of cell and tissue culture, transformation technologies for higher plants. He has worked on the following institutes based on projects worked. 1. To elucidate embryogenic capacity of elite coniferous trees at Laboratory of Cell Manipulation, Division of Bio-resources Technology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Japan (October, 1997-September, 2000). 2. To establish genetically modified decaffeinated coffee plants at Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, Research and Education Center for Genetic Information, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Japan (October, 2000-March, 2003). 3. To teach plant biotechnology, microbiology, molecular biology as Assistant Professor (2003-2006), Lecturer (2006-2010), and Associate Professor (2010-2015) at Laboratory of Plant and Cell Engineering, Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University (TPU), Japan (April, 2003- March, 2015). He presently works as a Full Professor at the Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima (PUH), Japan (April, 2015-).

Professor Yuan-Yeu Yau obtained his Master and Ph.D. from University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA. He worked as a post-doc and a Specialist at University of California-Berkeley and Plant Gene Expression Center (USDA-ARS) at Albany, California. Worked in areas of plant biotechnology, plant breeding, plant biochemistry and plant physiology. Dr. Yau worked on projects with grants supported by NSF (National Science Foundation), NIH (National Institutes of Health), USDA, Cotton Incorporated, California Fresh Carrot Advisory Board, Northeastern State University. These projects include carrot breeding for fresh market, cotton-seed gossypol (a toxic compound) removal, development of Clean-Gene technology, and development of stroke drug using molecular farming. Dr. Yau has more than 20 years of experiences in research, mentoring researchers, scholars and students. He discovered the critical gene related to carrot root sweetness, and developed co-dominant markers for screening this trait in carrot industry. Dr. Yau joined Dr. David W. Ow's team (UC-Berkeley) in developing an operation system for precision transgene integration, stacking (at same locus) and deletion (ex. removal of SMG) using microbial site-specific recombination (SSR) systems. Professor Yau has authored or co-authored important discoveries in several Science Citation Index (SCI) and Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) journals, including Plant Biotechnology, Molecular Plant, Plant Molecular Biology, Molecular Genetics and Genomics (MGG), BMC Biotechnology, Molecular Breeding, Transgenic Research, Plant Cell Reports, Plant Biotechnology Reports, Journal of Integrative Agriculture and Botanical Studies. Dr. Yau also serves as a reviewer for several journals, including Plant Biotechnology (ISI JCR^© Ranking in 2016: 7/211 (Plant Sciences); 10/158 (Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology) and Plant Cell Reports. He joined Chinese Academy of Sciences as a professor in 2010, then joined Northeastern State University of Oklahoma (USA) as a research scientist and an adjunct professor in 2012. Dr. Yau is an active member of ResearchGate (https://www.researchgate.net). He mentors numerous students from all over the world on ResearchGate.