GPR Fundamentals, Evolutions and Real Experiments

Nowadays, Geophysical methods as Non-destructive method has been used in Varity fields of studies such as mining, rock, soil, ice, fresh water, pavements and structures. In the right conditions, practitioners can use Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) to detect subsurface objects, changes in material properties, and voids and cracks. GPR is a geophysical method that uses radar pulses to image the subsurface. This nondestructive method uses electromagnetic radiation in the microwave band (UHF/VHF frequencies) of the radio spectrum, and detects the reflected signals from subsurface structures. GPR is a relatively new geophysical technique. The last decade has seen major advances as the technology matures. The history of GPR is intertwined with the diverse applications of the technique. GPR has the most extensive set of applications of any geophysical technique leading to a wide range of application spatial scales and concomitant diversity of instrument configurations. This book is intended to introduce some notes about basics, history, devices and related issued to GPR and also give you background about some operational and real examples of GPR projects.