Mountaineering in Scotland

Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 34. Chapters: Scottish mountain climbers, David Douglas, John Muir, Horatio Brown, Lord Francis Douglas, James David Forbes, Adam Watson, Hamish MacInnes, Hamish Brown, William Alison, Harold Raeburn, J. Norman Collie, Cameron McNeish, W. H. Murray, Alastair Borthwick, Stewart Fulton, Thomas Graham Brown, Robin Smith, Malcolm Slesser, Dave MacLeod, Sir Hugh Munro, 4th Baronet, Dougal Haston, Tom Weir, Scottish Mountaineering Club, Alexander Mitchell Kellas, Tom Patey, Jamie Andrew, Cairngorm Club, Ben Humble, Norrie Muir, J. H. B. Bell, William W. Naismith. Excerpt: John Muir (21 April 1838 ¿ 24 December 1914) was a Scottish-born American naturalist, author, and early advocate of preservation of wilderness in the United States. His letters, essays, and books telling of his adventures in nature, especially in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, have been read by millions. His activism helped to save the Yosemite Valley, Sequoia National Park and other wilderness areas. The Sierra Club, which he founded, is now one of the most important conservation organizations in the United States. One of the most well-known hiking trails in the U.S., the 211-mile (340 km) John Muir Trail, was named in his honor. Other places named in his honor are Muir Woods National Monument, Muir Beach, John Muir College, Camp Muir and Muir Glacier. In his later life, Muir devoted most of his time to the preservation of the Western forests. He petitioned the U.S. Congress for the National Park Bill that was passed in 1899, establishing both Yosemite and Sequoia National Parks. Because of the spiritual quality and enthusiasm toward nature expressed in his writings, he was able to inspire readers, including presidents and congressmen, to take action to help preserve large nature areas. He is today referred to as the "Father of the National Parks," and the National Park Service produced a short documentary on his life Muir's biographer, Steven J. Holmes, states that Muir has become "one of the patron saints of twentieth-century American environmental activity," both political and recreational. As a result, his writings are commonly discussed in books and journals, and he is often quoted in books by nature photographers such as Ansel Adams. "Muir has profoundly shaped the very categories through which Americans understand and envision their relationships with the natural world," writes Holmes. Muir was noted for being an ecological thinker, political spokesman, and religious prophet, whose writings became a personal guide into nature for countless indivi