The Femme Fatale in Late 19th-Century Europe

Seminar paper from the year 2024 in the subject Art - History of Art, grade: 1,7, http://www.uni-jena.de/ (Anglistik/Amerikanistik), course: Lehramt Staatsexamen Gymnasium, language: English, abstract: This paper aims to explore the diverse visual portrayals of femme fatales by British and French Decadent artists in the late 19th century, examining their social and cultural context. The goal is to understand how mythological, erotic, spiritual, and occult themes are represented in these artworks. Initially, the paper will introduce the femme fatale archetype, discussing her features and controversies. It will then focus on the depiction of femme fatales in the arts within the 19th-century European context, analyzing the composition of notable visual portrayals by Decadent artists. The analysis will cover notable works such as: 1. Lady Lilith by Dante Gabriel Rossetti. 2. L'Apparition and Salomé dansant devant Hérode by Gustave Moreau. 3.The Vampire by Philip Burne-Jones. A summary of findings and an evaluation of the impact of these portrayals on contemporary understandings of the femme fatale will conclude the paper. This analysis will highlight the enduring legacy of the 19th-century Decadent movements' visual representations of femme fatales and their significant cultural implications. The 19th century in Europe saw significant events and cultural shifts driven by industrialization, urbanization, scientific discoveries, the decline of religious values, and colonial expansion. This period also witnessed ideological transitions across humanistic fields. Artists and writers sought new expressive methods to portray the modern world, leading to reinvented and anti-conventional representations of religious and mythological femme fatale archetypes in British and French Decadent circles. These enigmatic and alluring feminine figures, embodying beauty and danger, became symbols of the mysterious aspects of femininity, desire, and temptation that these artists and writers sought to explore. Decadent artists and writers used the femme fatale to explore controversial themes, creating works that astonished and perplexed the public and critics. The 19th-century representations of femme fatales have had a lasting influence, shaping contemporary depictions. This research focuses on the last decades of the 19th century in Europe to investigate the roles of traditional femme fatale archetypes in the arts. Many scholars argue that the visual depictions of femme fatales best reflect the aesthetic expressions of the Decadent movements and have influenced cultural perceptions for centuries.