The Hamas as a Political Movement and the Differences between the Hamas' and the Fatah's Approaches to Resolving the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

Essay from the year 2022 in the subject Politics - Region: Near East, Near Orient, grade: 1,3, , language: English, abstract: Hamas, as a unified movement, was founded in December 1987 with the outbreak of the first Intifada. The Palestinian Resistance Movement had always had close ties to the Muslim Brotherhood, which originated in the late 1920s. Accordingly, to understand the emergence of the Hamas one must understand the history of the Palestinian Muslim brotherhood, and in particular the Gaza-based wing: Especially the Egyptian part of the Muslim Brotherhood was involved in the struggle for Palestinian independence from the beginning. After the founding of Israel in 1948, the Palestinian territories were divided into the Jordanian-administered West Bank and the Egyptian-administered Gaza Strip. The Muslim Brotherhood in Gaza was subject to numerous censures and since then also very closely supervised by the Egyptian intelligence. These circumstances can be seen as one reason, why the Hamas sees military attacks and armed struggle as a more effective solution than negotiations. The Muslim Brotherhood in Jordan, on the other hand, had a part in the political system and enjoyed much more freedom.